Woven geotextile plays an important role in drainage and filtration in water conservancy projects. The precise control of its water permeability directly affects the quality and effect of the project. Woven geotextile is mainly made of high molecular polymers. The basis for the control of its water permeability lies in the scientific design of materials and structures. The selection of raw materials is the primary factor affecting the water permeability. Polypropylene, polyester and other high molecular materials have different physical and chemical properties. By selecting suitable raw materials, the range of water permeability of geotextile can be preliminarily determined. For example, woven geotextile made of polyester material has good chemical stability and can still maintain good water permeability in a long-term contact with water environment, providing a stable basic condition for subsequent precise control.
The structural design of woven geotextile is the key link to achieve precise control of water permeability. Its weaving methods include weaving and knitting, and different weaving methods will form different pore structures. Woven geotextiles usually have a regular warp and weft interweaving structure. By adjusting the density, thickness and weaving tightness of the warp and weft lines, the pore size and number can be precisely controlled. When water conservancy projects require higher water permeability, coarser fibers and lower weaving density can be used to increase the pore size and improve the water flow capacity; for filtering scenarios that need to prevent the loss of fine particles, fine weaving structures are used to reduce pores, while ensuring a certain water permeability, achieving good filtering effects. In addition, the three-dimensional structure of woven geotextile forms three-dimensional pores through a special process, which can significantly improve the water permeability without reducing the strength, meeting the needs of special water conservancy projects.
In addition to structural design, the surface treatment process of the fiber can also effectively regulate the water permeability of woven geotextile. The surface properties of the fiber can be changed by surface modification of the fiber, such as coating and chemical treatment. For example, coating a hydrophilic coating on the fiber surface can enhance the affinity between the fiber and water, making it easier for water to penetrate between the fibers and increase the water permeability rate; in projects that need to slow down the water permeability rate, a hydrophobic coating can be used to reduce the efficiency of water passing through. Chemical treatment can change the chemical structure of the fiber surface, affect the interaction between water molecules and fibers, and further achieve precise regulation of water permeability, so that it can better adapt to the actual needs of different water conservancy projects.
Post-finishing processing technology provides more possibilities for regulating the water permeability of woven geotextile. Heat setting treatment can make the structure of geotextile more stable, fix the pore shape and size, avoid pore deformation due to external force during use, and thus ensure the consistency of water permeability. In addition, by embossing and calendering the geotextile, its surface roughness can be changed, affecting the flow state of water on the surface of the geotextile. In some projects that require rapid drainage, increasing the surface roughness helps to destroy the surface tension of water and speed up the flow of water; in scenarios where high requirements for water flow stability are required, the surface roughness is reduced to make the water flow more smoothly through the geotextile, so as to achieve a precise match between water permeability and engineering requirements.
In actual water conservancy project applications, combined regulation is also required according to the specific conditions of the project. For example, in the dam anti-seepage project, woven geotextile will be used in combination with other anti-seepage materials. By adjusting the number and method of composite layers, while ensuring a certain permeability to discharge the water inside the dam, the overall anti-seepage effect is enhanced. In river regulation projects, combined with factors such as water flow velocity and soil type, the above-mentioned control methods are used in combination, so that woven geotextile can not only effectively filter sediment and prevent riverbed soil loss, but also meet the needs of river drainage, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the project.
With the continuous development of science and technology, intelligent control technology has also been gradually applied to the optimization of woven geotextile water permeability. By embedding sensors in geotextiles, water flow parameters and the working status of geotextiles are monitored in real time, and the data is fed back to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the relevant characteristics of the geotextile according to the preset engineering demand parameters, such as changing the local fiber structure through heating elements, adjusting the pore size, and realizing dynamic control of water permeability. This intelligent control method greatly improves the adaptability of woven geotextile to the needs of complex water conservancy projects, and provides a strong guarantee for the efficient operation of water conservancy projects.
The precise regulation of the water permeability of woven geotextile is a comprehensive and complex process. Through the combination of raw material selection, structural design, surface treatment, finishing processing and actual engineering application, combined with the application of intelligent technology, it can meet the diverse needs of different water conservancy projects for water permeability in an all-round and multi-level manner, so that woven geotextile can play a greater role in the field of water conservancy projects, ensure the quality and safety of the projects, and promote the sustainable development of water conservancy.
